Camille Corot (1796 - 1875), Landscape with Horseman, c. 1865-1870, Thee Mesdag Collection, The Hague
Camille Corot (1796-1875), Landscape with an Angler, c. 1865-1870, The Mesdag Collection, The Hague
A recent discovery has revealed that two works painted by Camille Corot were once a single artwork. At some stage, the painting was separated into two pieces, which were sold individually.
By chance, both paintings entered the collection of Hendrik Willem Mesdag and his wife Sientje at different times. The discovery was made by conservator René Boitelle and conservation assistant Ronald van den Haak from the Van Gogh Museum.
Ronald van den Haak, conservation assistant at the Van Gogh Museum, was recently making preparations to reframe two small works by Camille Corot (1796-1875) from The Mesdag Collection: Landscape with Horseman and Landscape with an Angler. The artist painted both works towards the end of his life.
Camille Corot (1796 - 1875), Landscape with Horseman, c. 1865-1870, Thee Mesdag Collection, The Hague
Camille Corot (1796-1875), Landscape with an Angler, c. 1865-1870, The Mesdag Collection, The Hague
When Van den Haak held the unframed paintings next to each other, he noticed that the scenes connected. More detailed research into the painted surface and an examination of X-rays of both paintings by paintings conservator René Boitelle has now revealed that the works were originally a single painting.
The work once had the standard size ‘portrait 4’ (24.5 × 32.5 cm). It is possible that the original painting remained unsold at the auction of Corot’s estate in spring 1875, which may have then led to the decision was made to cut the composition into two pieces and to put both works on the market.
The canvas was probably cut into two halves between 1875 (Corot’s death) and 1878 (acquisition of Landscape with Horseman by the Mesdags), and subsequently mounted on two separate panels (marouflaged). The wax seal with the text Vente Corot on the back of the Landscape with an Angler panel is a significant help in dating this marouflage.
Annual rings of softwood can be seen in the lacunas in this wax seal, while the annual rings in the wood that was chosen for the marouflage reveal characteristics of a different type of wood. Softwood was traditionally used for stretcher frames, to which canvases were pinned.
When the seal was removed from the softwood stretcher frame, some wood from the frame probably stuck to the seal. It is possible that the wax seal was added to the half of the painting without a signature, which went on to lead its own life as Landscape with an Angler, to make it clear that this work was from the artist’s estate.
The Mesdags acquired Landscape with an Angler in 1889, eleven years after the acquisition of Landscape with Horseman. It is unfortunately not known whether the Mesdags realised that the landscapes were once joined, but the paintings were given similar frames, from D. Sala & Sons in Leiden, and they were often exhibited as a pair.
Following this discovery, the decision was made to treat the two works. Surface dirt and the glossy, yellowed varnishes were removed. Which resulted in a better view of the original colours, brush strokes and compositions of the two paintings. Minor damages in the paint layers were retouched, helping to improve the readability of the compositions.
Digital reconstruction of the two paintings combined
A digital reconstruction shows how the picture would have looked before the works were separated. There are no plans to reunite the two paintings, due to the risks involved. The two individual panels combined reveal the history of the original painting.
René Boitelle
Senior Restorer of Paintings
Van Gogh Museum